Groundgranulated blast furnace slag is highly cementitious and high in csh calcium silicate hydrates which is a strength enhancing. Specification for granulated slag for the manufacture of portland slag cement number of amendments. Ground copper slag on strength and toughness of cementitious mixes, aci materials journal, vol. Pdf characteristics of portland blastfurnace slag cement. Portland slag cement may also be manufactured by separately grinding portland cement clinker, gypsum and granulated slag and then mixing them intimately. Selfhealing of concrete a new technology for a more. Millard, 2007, fasttrack construction with slag cement concrete. Jaycee fly ash, ggbfs, cement, natural gypsum exports from.
Fly ash, slag, silica fume, and natural pozzolans, chapter 3. Discomfort or pain cannot be relied upon to alert a person to a serious injury. Evaluation of portland cement concrete pavement with high. Depending on the grade of concrete, the compressive strength is improved when the steel slag is used for low.
Natural coarse aggregate, iron slag, iron slag aggregate, concrete, cement 1. Through our extensive distribution system, newcem is available for blending with conventional portland cement at the concrete plant to produce highquality, durable concrete. Effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag in portland. Aci documents are available in print, by download, on cd rom. Georgia chapter aci luncheon benefits of slag cement in concrete. Properties and effects of copper slag in concrete 49 graph 3. The total cl content in concrete in europe is limited by en 206. Slag cements are resistant to sea water only with an addition of 60% slag if the opc is a nonmarine cement. Hydration and strength development in blended cement with. Slag has cementitious properties similar to portland cement. Feret 40 cited as an example a breakwater at calais. Georgia chapter aci luncheon benefits of slag cement in.
Effect of specimen size and curing condition on the compressive. It is a very fine, less permeable and light color product, which is used to replace cement in making high performance concrete jennchuan and yinnen, 1989. To reduce the embodied carbon dioxide of structural concrete, portland. Guide to the use of slag cement in concrete and mortar. Cement is replaced by slag from different steel mills, both blast furnace and ladle furnace slag. Formulation of mix design procedure for slag cement concrete. According to the slag cement association, 2,500,000 mg of slag cement and 540,000 mg of slag blended cement were used in concrete and other construction applications some of which used imported granules. The cement industry is responsible for 8% of all carbon emissions in the world. Slag cement uses the market for slag cement includes the following principal uses.
Slag cement can therefore be substituted for opc in a. Fly ash will reduce co2 emission by 227 million tonnes replacing 50% of cement worldwide by scm will reduce co2 by 750 million tonnes. Characteristics of portland blastfurnace slag cement containing. The study obtained that the ratio of ggbss and is governing. These pcr are valid for, and provide requirements, for businesstobusiness btob epds. The manufacture of slag cement is comparatively a simple process.
The mix composition of the mortar can also be used to enhance the autogenic behaviour, for example by including blast furnace slag into the mix. The slag is used as fine aggregate replacing the sand in the mixes, partly or totally. Portland slag cement is obtained by mixing portland cement clinker, gypsum and granulated blast furnace slag. The material described in this specification may be used for blending with portland cement to produce a cement meeting the requirements of specification c595c595m or as a separate ingredient in concrete or mortar mixtures. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag cement is a supplementary cementitious. Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen. Pm is 16714 1 march 2019 2 annex a list of test equipment major test equipment required to test as per the. Structural evolution of an alkali sulfate activated slag. Xrd patterns of the hardened cement pastes for mix mc curing after 3, 28 and 90 days of hydration. Blast furnace slag cement has come to be widely employed, mainly in civil engineering structures, because of its high longterm strength and excellent resistance to the alkalisilica reaction and salt damage. The percentage of copper slag added were as follows.
The molten slag, after being granulated by passing into a stream of water, is first thoroughly dried, then pulverized between millstones, and finally sifted or bolted. We are also leading players in steel slag and cement distribution, and are working on valueadded products driven by innovation and technology. Furthermore, physical mechanic and durability tests on the concrete that certain amount of cement be substituted by converter steel slag powder from different steel. The chemical and mineralogical composition of portland cement, the conditions of its maturing, activators and. Before using ggbfs as a portland cement replacement, several precautions must be realized.
Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf. Use of non ground granulated blast furnace slag as fine aggregate in concrete was experimented by isa yuksel and omer ozkan 5. Qasrawi et al, 16 used steel slag in concrete mixes. The setting agent caoh 2 for activation of slag cement is used in the proportions of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% by various methods substitution and addition by mass of slag cement. The tests, as indicated in table 2 attached and at the levels of control specified therein, shall be carried out on the whole packing of portland slag cement and appropriate records maintained in accordance with clause 2 above. Application of steel slag sand results reduced the cement clinker dosage and increasing the content of industrial waste products. Portland cement chemistry vs geopolymer cement chemistry 2. Since the granulated blast furnace slag is ground, it is not round.
Strength development of concretes with ordinary portland cement. You may not feel pain or the severity of the burn until hours after the exposure. Newcem slag cement is a finely ground, granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs for highstrength concrete. Pdf hydration products, morphology and microstructure of. The share of blended cement in total cement production has increased from 29 per cent in 199798 to 54. Jaycee fly ash, ggbfs, cement, natural gypsum exports.
The slag cement association provides industry tools, resources and information. Leas chemistry of cement and concrete fifth edition, 2019. Strength analysis of concrete by using iron slag as a. Quick setting cement the early setting property is brought out by reducing the. Concrete of m20, m30 and m40 grades were considered for a wc ratio of 0. The chemical and mineralogical composition of portland cement, the conditions of its maturing, activat. Concrete cubes were tested under biaxial compressive stresses. Strength development characteristics of concrete produced with. Ggbs is a binding material and mostly used in ready mix concrete with the ratio of 3070% it is used to produce a eco friendly concrete. From a processing perspective, the properties that are affected by the nature of the premix materials include the following. Download pdf versions of our state information sheets for california, florida. Groundgranulated blastfurnace slag ggbs or ggbfs is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder.
This paper presents the results of an investigation on the effect of portland cement replaced by fly ash or granulated blastfurnace slag on the concrete s. Study on concrete using steel slag as coarse aggregate replacement and ecosand as fine aggregate replacement dr. Slag cement is a byproduct of the ironmaking process and is composed primarily of silica and calcium. Coal combustion products and steel slag are low carbon construction materials derived from industrial waste streams, which reduce embodied carbon emissions and enable sustainable construction. The heatcured strength of alkaliactivated slag cement concrete was linearly related. Shang and song 29 attempted to generate information about the strength and deformation behaviour of plain concrete under biaxial compression. Sathish5 1 associate pofessor, structural division, civil department, anna. Lime slag cements have been specially used for seawater and underground foundation works, because of their resistance to attack by sulfates and because of their good plasticity. The later two mix designs were 24 hour and 48 hour mixes, indicating that they were for special situations that required quicker set times. Blast furnace slag cement an overview sciencedirect topics. Slag cement is a recovered byproduct of the iron manufacturing process and can be used to replace a portion of portland cement in concrete mix design.
As the results generate a picture of the impact for baseline and slag cement modified mixes in realtime, it gives the users the ability to apply region specific fixed custom mixes based on their environmental impact in relation to that particular region. Portland cement opc, portland pozzolana cement ppc, portland blast furnace slag cement pbfs, oil well cement, rapid hardening portland cement and sulphate resisting portland cement. High slag blastfurnace cement pdf download file size 423. Pdf the properties of slag cement and its influence on the. Various mixes with compressive strength ranging from 25 to 45 mpa were studied. An admixture is needed to increase workability rather than increasing the water content. Pdf properties of concrete manufactured using steel slag. Reduced heat of hydration, refinement of pore structure, reduced permeability. Article information, pdf download for effect of specimen size and curing. Properties of concrete with ground granulated blast. Apr, 2017 the percentage can then be altered for the percent of slag cement that is included in the mix. Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. The american patent application was filed in 1984 and the patent us.
The share of blended cement in total cement production has increased from 29. Lehigh slag cement product description lehigh slag cement conforms to astm c989aashto m 302 standard specifications for slag cement as a constituent in concrete and mortars and csa a3001 cementitious material for use in concrete. It is also a kind of cement that helps save resources. The components for each mix design are summarized in tables 15 and provided in greater detail in. Since, it has less emission of co2 and also more durable compared to. Blastfurnace slag is used in the production of cement or cementitious materials in two basic ways. The exploitation of blast furnace slag as sand replacement. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs or ggbfs and. Environmental initiatives industry average slag cement epd the industry average slag cement epd was issued may 2015 and is posted at.
Properties of concrete with ground granulated blast furnace. Licence is granted to use standard mark on ground granulated blast furnace slag for use in cement, mortar and concrete as per is 16714. Slag cement life cycle assessment calculator free to download. The exception is blastfurnace slag cement cem iii, which may contain more than 0. Some facts replacing 15% cement worldwide by scm supplementary cement material i.
It is the most suitable cement for infrastructure projects because of its high flexural strength. Co2 emission can be minimized by using fly ash in cement concrete. Through our extensive distribution system, we can deliver newcem for blending with conventional portland cement at the concrete plant to produce strong, highquality and durable low slump concrete. Pozzolana cement and blastfurnace slag cement have many common grounds in performance see table 4.
Mechanical properties of concrete using steel slag aggregate. Effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag in. Newcem slag cement lafarge pdf catalogs documentation. The properties of the fly ash, slag and portland cement impact the processing and performance properties of saltstone. Pdf a ground blastfurnace granulated slag used in the production of construction materials and items. Slag substitution as a cementing material in concrete core. The properties of slag cement and its influence on the. Ggbs, or slag, can be present in concrete as a separate material added in the mixer, or blended in the portland cement. Portland slag cement psc is 4551989 portland slag cement is obtained by mixing portland cement clinker, gypsum and granulated blast furnace slag. Standard specification for slag cement for use in concrete. It was found that maximum healing occurred in early age concrete and specimens 6. In fine particle form, slag cement displays cementitious qualities similar to those of ordinary portland cement opc. Importance of portland pozzolana cement ppc for durable. Thus the use of iron slag in concrete could enhance the strength in concrete.
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